WarmThroat

Earth Sciences

2005-04-05T18:50:00.000-07:00

In the last chapter of the Greek text of the Paralipomena (additional stories) of Jeremiah, there is a hint of the Christian part of the Ascension of Isaiah: the people stoned Jeremiah to death because he, like Isaiah before him, prophesied the coming of Christ. In a parallel legend (preserved in Arabic), both the violent death of Jeremiah and the Christian motif are lacking.

Furniture Industry

2005-04-04T18:56:00.000-07:00

The modern manufacture of furniture, as distinct from its design, is a major mass-production industry in Europe, the U.S., and other advanced regions. It is very largely a 20th-century industry, its development having

Shilluk

2005-04-03T07:55:00.000-07:00

The Shilluk are sedentary agriculturists with strong pastoral interests (cattle, sheep, and goats). Men hunt, herd, and milk the livestock; both sexes do agricultural work. The community

Cohen, Stanley

2005-04-03T03:18:00.000-07:00

Cohen was educated at Brooklyn College (B.A., 1943), Oberlin College (M.A., 1945), and at the University of Michigan, where he received a Ph.D. in

Cellophane

2005-04-02T16:39:00.000-08:00

In the manufacturing process, an alkaline

Tal, Mikhail Nekhemyevich

2005-04-01T22:28:00.000-08:00

Tal, who learned to play chess at the age of six, was known for his complex and audacious moves. He became a national master and Latvian

Bradley, Bill

2005-04-01T11:23:00.000-08:00

Bradley began to play basketball at the age of nine and became one of the best players in Missouri high school basketball history. At Princeton University, Bradley, a forward, was a playmaker and high scorer, averaging 30.1 points a game during three seasons, in each

Guadalupe, Basilica Of

2005-03-31T20:31:00.000-08:00

Officially Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe , Spanish Basílica de Guadalupe , or Basílica de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Roman Catholic church that is the chief religious centre of Mexico, located in Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo, a northern neighbourhood of Mexico City. The church was erected near the spot where two apparitions of the Virgin are said to have appeared to an Indian convert named Juan Diego in December 1531 and commanded that a church be built. The second apparition resulted

Berengar Ii

2005-03-29T16:01:00.000-08:00

Berengar was important in the career of the German king and Holy Roman emperor Otto I the Great. For several months in 951 he held captive Adelaide, the daughter and widow of kings of Italy; she escaped and married Otto, who assumed the title of king of the Lombards and made Berengar his vassal. Later (from 960) Berengar and his son

Pietrasanta

2005-03-29T14:36:00.000-08:00

Town, centre of a district known as Versilia, Lucca provincia, Toscana (Tuscany) regione, central Italy, at the foot of the Alpi Apuane (mountains) just southeast of Carrara. Its piazza is surrounded by fine buildings including the Cathedral of San Martino and the Church of San Agostino (a baptistery with a medieval font), both dating from the 14th century, and the remains of

China, Plant life

2005-03-29T10:51:00.000-08:00

Types of natural vegetation and their floristic composition are extremely diverse. The total number of seed plants in China is about 30,000 species, representing 2,700 genera; more than 200 of these genera are restricted to China. There are about 2,500 species of forest trees, and, among flowering plants, 95 percent of the known woody group are to be found. Many of them are trees of economic

The Peoples Known As Mimi

2005-03-28T02:53:00.000-08:00

The Mimi of Nachtigal and the Mimi of Gaudefroy-Demombynes, both of which speak a Maban language of the Nilo-Saharan language family, are identified by the names of their first investigators—Gustav Nachtigal and Maurice Gaudefroy-Demombynes, respectively. The name Mimi sometimes is applied to a people who call themselves Amdang and are also known as Biltine; although

Dressing Table

2005-03-27T08:47:00.000-08:00

Also called Toilet Table, a table used for the toilet. The term originally was applied in the 17th century to small tables with two or three drawers. It soon became common practice to conceal the fittings of the dressing table when they were not in use, and great ingenuity was exercised by 18th-century cabinetmakers to combine the most convenient fittings with a handsome piece of furniture. In the

Tolan, Eddie

2005-03-27T07:06:00.000-08:00

While attending high school in Detroit, Mich., Tolan was a city and state champion in the 100- and 200-yard dashes. At the University of Michigan, he attracted national attention in 1929 when he set a record in the 100-yard dash (9.5 seconds)

Halebid

2005-03-26T22:02:00.000-08:00

Historic site and modern village, south-central Karnataka (formerly Mysore) state, southwestern India. It is situated north-northwest of the town of Hassan. It grew up beside a large artificial lake, known as Dorasamudra (Dvarasamudra), which was probably built by the Rastrakutas in the 9th century. In the early 12th century the Hoysalas made it their capital, and for about two centuries

Congo, Democratic Republic Of The (zaire)

2005-03-25T05:14:00.000-08:00

On May 25, 1998, Pres. Laurent Kabila promulgated a decree that established a national constituent and legislative assembly. This apparent move toward democracy was, however, belied by a series of arrests of people believed to be critical of the government, including,

Storstrøm

2005-03-24T19:40:00.000-08:00

Amtskommune (county), Denmark, created in 1970 from the former counties of Maribo and Præstø. It has an area of 1,311 square miles (3,396 square km). The southernmost part of Denmark, the county embraces southeastern Zealand (Sjælland); Lolland, Falster, and Møn islands; and several islets. Impressive limestone cliffs occur at Stevns Klint and Møns Klint on Zealand. Fertile clay loams support

Ayub Khan, Mohammad

2005-03-24T08:03:00.000-08:00

After studying at Aligarh Muslim University, in Uttar Pradesh, India, and at the British Royal Military College, at Sandhurst, Ayub Khan was commissioned an officer in the Indian army (1928). In World War II he was second-in-command

Eisenhüttenstadt

2005-03-24T01:30:00.000-08:00

City, Brandenburg Land (state), eastern Germany. The city lies along the Oder River at the Polish border, southeast of Frankfurt an der Oder. It was formed in 1961 by the union of Fürstenberg, Stalinstadt, and Schönfliess. Stalinstadt was a planned-residence town for workers employed in a metallurgical complex established in 1951 just west of the old town of Fürstenberg. Now one

Zakarpattya

2005-03-22T20:44:00.000-08:00

Russian Zakarpatskaya, also spelled Zakarpatskaia, or Zakarpatskaja, oblast (province), western Ukraine. It is bounded by Slovakia and Hungary on the west, Poland on the northwest, and Romania on the south. The oblast extends from the northwest-southeast–trending Carpathian Mountain crestline (the Verkhovyna and Gorgany ranges, respectively), across the successive parallel Polonina and Vulhanichnyy ranges, and southwestward down

Classical Scholarship, Late 19th-century developments in German scholarship

2005-03-22T15:07:00.000-08:00

Germany made so vast a contribution to 19th-century classical scholarship that it would be impossible to name all of the eminent scholars of the period. But from a time rather earlier than the establishment of the German Empire (1871), signs of decline might be observed; the new methods had begun to harden into orthodoxy, mechanically applied by a mass of inferior practitioners.

Mora

2005-03-22T05:18:00.000-08:00

County, northern New Mexico, U.S., bordered on the east by the steep walls of the Canadian River Canyon. Though most of the county lies in the Raton section of the Great Plains, its western heights are in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Pecos Baldy, at 12,500 feet (3,810 m), is in the Sangre de Cristo range in the far west; in the southwest is the Santa Fe range, rising to over 11,000 feet (3,350 m). The valley of

Athens

2005-03-20T23:39:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1805) of Athens county, southeastern Ohio, U.S. It lies along the Hocking River, 73 miles (117 km) southeast of Columbus. It was founded in 1800 by the territorial legislature as the seat of the American Western University, which was renamed Ohio University in 1804. Athens and the university campus were laid out by General Rufus Putnam and the Reverend Manasseh Cutler. The village

Dacier, André

2005-03-19T19:26:00.000-08:00

Dacier studied at Saumur with the Humanist Tanneguy Lefèbvre, whose daughter Anne he married in 1683. He was made keeper of the library of the Louvre and, elected to the French Academy in 1695, became

Augustine, Saint

2005-03-19T05:28:00.000-08:00

Augustine was born in Tagaste, a modest Roman community in a river valley 40 miles (64 km) from the African coast. It lay just a few miles short of the point where the veneer of Roman civilization thinned out in the highlands of Numidia in the way the American West opens before a traveler leaving the Mississippi River valley. Augustine's parents were of the respectable class

Vierzon

2005-03-18T08:33:00.000-08:00

City, Cher département, Centre région, central France. It lies along the Canal du Berry, at the confluence of the Cher and Yèvre rivers, northwest of Bourges. The city grew from a rail and industrial complex formed in 1938 from several small communes (Vierzon-Ville, Vierzon-Village, Vierzon-Forges, and Vierzon-Bourgneuf). Metals, glass, and agricultural machinery dominate local

Itinerarium

2005-03-17T18:56:00.000-08:00

The only surviving map is the Peutinger Table, a 13th-century copy of a Roman world map. The 4th-century “Antonine Itinerary,” one of the few

Main River

2005-03-17T03:51:00.000-08:00

Latin Moenus, river, an important right- (east-) bank tributary of the Rhine in Germany. It is formed, near Kulmbach, by the confluence of the Weisser (White) Main, which rises in the Fichtel Mountains, and the Roter (Red) Main, which rises on the eastern slope of the Fränkische Mountains (Franconian Jura). The Main River flows southwesterly around the northern end of the Fränkische Mountains

Ylang-ylang

2005-03-16T19:25:00.000-08:00

Ylang-ylang in Tagalog (a Philippine language) means “flower of flowers.” The slim, smooth-barked evergreen reaches about 25 m (80 feet) and is covered year-round with drooping, long-stalked, rich-scented flowers

Wupatki National Monument

2005-03-16T08:41:00.000-08:00

The monument comprises more than 800 pre-Columbian

Metalmark

2005-03-15T18:06:00.000-08:00

Most males possess reduced front legs; females have functional

Saicho

2005-03-15T05:14:00.000-08:00

A priest at the age of 13, Saicho was sent to China to study in 804 and returned with the highly eclectic Tendai (T'ien-t'ai in Chinese) teachings. Unlike other Buddhist sects then in existence in Japan, the Tendai sect taught that there could be meaning and value in

India, Wars and rivalries

2005-03-14T09:44:00.000-08:00

Harihara II's death in 1404 was followed by a violent succession dispute among his three surviving sons. Only after two of them had been crowned and dethroned was the third, Devaraya I (reigned 1406–22), able to emerge victorious. Continuing instability, however, coupled with the involvement of Vijayanagar and the Bahmani sultanate as backers of different claimants to the throne

Newington

2005-03-13T22:37:00.000-08:00

Area in the borough of Southwark, London. It lies southeast of Waterloo Station and west of Bermondsey. In the 19th century the area was developed as a residential suburb, and several roads and railways were built, converting Newington into a transportation hub for London south of the River Thames. Central to the area is the Elephant and Castle, a large traffic roundabout

Jackson, Andrew

2005-03-13T14:10:00.000-08:00

(For an additional writing by Jackson, see First Annual Message to Congress.)

Montpensier, Anne-marie-louise D'orléans, Duchess (duchesse) De

2005-03-12T19:09:00.000-08:00

Byname La Grande Mademoiselle princess of the royal house of France, prominent during the Fronde and the minority of Louis XIV. She was known as Mademoiselle because her father, Gaston de France, Duke d'Orléans and uncle of Louis XIV, had the designation of Monsieur. From her mother, Marie de Bourbon-Montpensier, she inherited a huge fortune, including Eu and Dombes as well

Technocracy

2005-03-12T05:05:00.000-08:00

Government by technicians who are guided solely by the imperatives of their technology. The concept developed in the United States early in the 20th century as an expression of the Progressive movement and became a subject of considerable public interest in the 1930s during the Great Depression. The origins of the technocracy movement may be traced to Frederick W. Taylor's

Antarctica

2005-03-11T11:08:00.000-08:00

The 40 Antarctic Treaty nations met in Italy in November

Haddock

2005-03-11T10:00:00.000-08:00

(Melanogrammus aeglefinus), valuable North Atlantic food fish of the cod family, Gadidae, that is often smoked and sold as “finnan haddie.” The haddock is a bottom dweller and a carnivore, feeding on invertebrates and some fishes. It resembles the cod and, like its relative, has a chin barbel and two anal and three dorsal fins. It is identified, however, by a dark, rather than

Tlaquepaque

2005-03-10T22:24:00.000-08:00

City, north-central Jalisco estado (“state”), west-central Mexico. Formerly known as San Pedro Tlaquepaque, the city lies in the temperate Guadalajara valley, approximately 5,400 feet (1,650 m) above sea level. A suburb of Guadalajara, the state capital, 7 miles (11 km) southeast, Tlaquepaque is primarily a handicrafts centre, known especially for its pottery, textiles, and hand-blown glass.

Hennepin, Louis

2005-03-10T21:41:00.000-08:00

Hennepin joined the Récollet Order of Friars Minor, Béthune, France, and in 1675 went to Canada with La Salle, whose chaplain he became in

Abbas, Ferhat

2005-03-10T02:41:00.000-08:00

Son of a Muslim official in the Algerian civil service, Abbas received an entirely French education at Philippeville (now Skikda) and Constantine and at the University

Outer Hebrides

2005-03-10T02:35:00.000-08:00

Islands in Scotland, off the northwestern coast of the Scottish mainland. They constitute the Western Isles council area. Lewis, the northern part of the island of Lewis and Harris, lies in the historic county of Ross-shire in the historic region of Ross and Cromarty, while the remainder of the Outer Hebrides belong to the historic county of Inverness-shire. Stretching

Pacifism

2005-03-08T18:47:00.000-08:00

In the ancient world, war was taken for granted as a necessary evil by some societies, while in others it was not even regarded as an evil. Individual

Kálvos, Andréas Ioannídis

2005-03-08T18:06:00.000-08:00

Kálvos was brought up at Leghorn, Tuscany (1802–12), and lived most of his life in Italy and England. While in Italy he became secretary (1812–17) to the Italian poet and patriot

Sa'id, 'ali Ahmad

2005-03-07T20:45:00.000-08:00

Sa'id received a degree in philosophy at the University of Damascus in 1954 and served in the Syrian military from 1954 to 1956. He then moved to Beirut, where he received a Ph.D. from St. Joseph University in 1973. In 1957 he helped Yusuf al-Khal found the avant-garde

Wyre

2005-03-07T20:31:00.000-08:00

Borough (district), administrative and historic county of Lancashire, northwestern England, bordering on the Irish Sea north and east of the resort of Blackpool. The borough, named for the River Wyre, which crosses and drains it, is generally a low coastal plain. Formerly occupied by pockets of marshland, much of the plain has been reclaimed and is now intensively cultivated.

Skydiving

2005-03-06T22:34:00.000-08:00

Typical jump altitudes in modern times for experienced skydivers range from 7,500 to 15,000 feet (2,300 to 4,600 metres) above ground level, yielding a freefall time of between 40 and 85 seconds. The length of the freefall (the time between exiting the aircraft and deploying the parachute) is dependent upon such factors as exit altitude, opening altitude, and fall rate. The fall rate is determined

Atmosphere, Transition to an aerobic environment

2005-03-06T07:19:00.000-08:00

Pyrite and uraninite are minerals of iron and uranium, respectively, that are not stable in the presence of O2. Though they can be found in some modern river sediments, neither can survive in them for thousands of years. Yet, many sediments older than about 2,200,000,000 years contain well-rounded grains of these minerals. Their shapes and locations indicate prolonged exposure and

Soga Umako

2005-03-05T23:19:00.000-08:00

A leader of the Soga family of Japan, who was responsible for the destruction of the powerful Mononobe and Nakatomi clans and the ascendancy of the Soga to a position of supreme power. Umako was instrumental in introducing Buddhism into Japan. His influence helped spur the introduction of Chinese cultural, bureaucratic, and administrative

Corday, Charlotte

2005-03-05T04:52:00.000-08:00

Descended from a noble family, educated in a convent at Caen, and royalist by sentiment, yet susceptible also to the ideals of the Enlightenment, Corday was living with an aunt in Caen when it became a centre of the “federalist” movement against the National

Oscar Ii

2005-03-05T01:47:00.000-08:00

An outstanding orator and a lover of music and literature, Oscar published several books of verse and wrote on historical subjects. In home politics he proved a conservative; in foreign policy he favoured Scandinavian cooperation and after 1866 supported Germany in the hope of strengthening Sweden

Hypersthene Granite

2005-03-04T16:39:00.000-08:00

Member of the charnockite (q.v.) series of metamorphic rocks.

Burdett, Sir Francis, 5th Baronet

2005-03-04T02:46:00.000-08:00

His marriage to a wealthy woman enabled Burdett to buy a seat in the House of Commons in 1796. Influenced by French Revolutionary

Arrangement

2005-03-03T13:20:00.000-08:00

In music, traditionally, any adaptation of a composition to fit a medium other than that for which it was originally written, while at the same time retaining the general character of the original. The word was frequently used interchangeably with transcription, although the latter carried the connotation of elaboration of the original, as in the virtuosic piano

Kirkwood, James

2005-03-03T03:38:00.000-08:00

As the son of silent film stars Lila Lee

Psa Peugeot Citroën Sa

2005-03-01T20:50:00.000-08:00

Peugeot was founded in 1890 by Armand Peugeot (1849–1915), one of a large family of industrialists

Gattamelata

2005-03-01T09:20:00.000-08:00

Also called Equestrian monument of Erasmo da Narni bronze statue of the Venetian condottiere Erasmo da Narni, (popularly known as Gattamelata, meaning “honeyed cat”) by the 15th-century Italian Early Renaissance sculptor Donatello. It was completed between 1447 and 1450 but was not installed on its pedestal in the Piazza del Santo in front of the Basilica of Sant'Antonio in Padua, Italy, until 1453. The statue established a prototype

Cacomistle

2005-03-01T08:40:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Cacomixl (Bassariscus), either of two species of large-eyed, long-tailed carnivores related to the raccoon (family Procyonidae). Cacomistles are grayish brown with lighter underparts and white patches over their eyes. The total length is about 60–100 cm (24–40 inches), about half of which is the bushy, black-and-white-ringed tail. The animals weigh about 1 kg (2.2 pounds) and have small faces with long

Seven Holy Founders

2005-03-01T06:16:00.000-08:00

Also called Seven Servite Founders saints Bonfilius, Alexis Falconieri, John Bonagiunta, Benedict dell'Antella, Bartholomew Amidei, Gerard Sostegni, and Ricoverus Uguccione, who founded the Ordo Fratrum Servorum Sanctae Mariae (“Order of Friar Servants of St. Mary”). Popularly called Servites, the order is a Roman Catholic congregation

Plymouth Brethren

2005-02-27T11:20:00.000-08:00

Community of Christians whose first congregation was established in Plymouth, Devon, Eng., in 1831. The movement originated in Ireland and England a few years earlier with groups of Christians who met for prayer and fellowship. Biblical prophecy and the Second Coming of Christ were emphasized. John Nelson Darby, a former clergyman in the Church of Ireland (Anglican), soon

Tarakan Island

2005-02-27T06:44:00.000-08:00

Indonesian Pulau Tarakan island in Kalimantan Timur provinsi (“province”), Indonesia. It is situated in the eastern Celebes Sea, off the northeastern coast of Borneo. The island occupies an area of 117 square miles (303 square km) and has a length of approximately 10 miles (16 km). Its coastal area is low and swampy, and there are oil fields on the southwestern coast. During World War II the island was captured (January

Roman Empire, Eastern

2005-02-27T06:37:00.000-08:00

The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which maintained itself for a thousand years after the western half broke up in the late 5th century AD. The eastern half survived until 1453 as the Byzantine Empire (q.v.).

Wichita

2005-02-26T21:12:00.000-08:00

City, seat of Sedgwick County, south central Kansas, U.S., on the Arkansas River near the mouth of the Little Arkansas. Founded in 1864 as a trading post on the site of a village of the Wichita Indians, it owed its early development to the Texas cattle trade along the Chisholm Trail and to the rapid spread of agricultural settlement along the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway,

Japanese Literature, Late Tokugawa period (c. 17701867)

2005-02-26T18:15:00.000-08:00

The literature of the late Tokugawa period is generally inferior to earlier achievements, especially those of the Genroku masters. Authentic new voices, however, were heard in traditional poetic forms. Later neo-Man'yoshu poets such as Ryokan, Okuma Kotomichi, and Tachibana Akemi proved that the tanka was not limited to descriptions of the sights of nature or disappointed

Theobromine

2005-02-25T13:44:00.000-08:00

Diuretic drug and major alkaloidal constituent of cocoa. Theobromine is a xanthine alkaloid, a methylxanthine, as are caffeine and theophylline, but it differs from them in having little stimulatory action upon the central nervous system. The stimulant effect of cocoa results from the caffeine that it contains rather than from the theobromine.

Biblical Literature, Nahum

2005-02-24T22:41:00.000-08:00

He begins with the

Tiverton

2005-02-24T21:46:00.000-08:00

Town (township), Newport county, eastern Rhode Island, U.S. It lies along the Sakonnet River and Mount Hope Bay, opposite Portsmouth and Bristol. Originally a part of Plymouth colony and named for Tiverton, Devon, England, it was annexed to Rhode Island in 1746 and was incorporated in 1747. Southwest of Tiverton Four Corners, the Battle of Almy's Pea Field was fought during King Philip's

Alabama, Settlement patterns

2005-02-24T15:23:00.000-08:00

By 1980 less than two-fifths of the population of Alabama was classified as rural, and the proportion was declining still further as rural residents sought homes in the state's cities. Eight counties had a population loss during the 1970s. Much of the loss was from the old cotton region of the Black Belt, which had been largely depopulated by the 1980s. By the 1970s, however, the state had

Abbottabad

2005-02-24T06:15:00.000-08:00

City, east-central North-West Frontier Province, northern Pakistan. It is situated 38 miles (61 km) northeast of Rawalpindi. A hill station (4,120 feet [1,256 metres]), it lies on a plateau at the southern corner of the Rash (Orash) Plain and is the gateway to the picturesque Kagan Valley. It is connected by road with the Indus Plain and Kashmir and by railhead (at Havelian, 10 miles [16 km] south) with Peshawar.

Närke

2005-02-22T13:03:00.000-08:00

Landskap (province) lying mostly in the administrative län (county) of Örebro, south-central Sweden. Its land area of 1,592 square miles (4,122 square km) lies between the traditional landskap (provinces) of Västmanland on the north, Södermanland on the east, Östergötland on the southeast, Västergötland on the southwest, and Värmland on the west. Dominating its landscape is the great

Kidney Function Test

2005-02-21T08:48:00.000-08:00

Any clinical and laboratory procedure designed to evaluate various aspects of renal (kidney) capacity and efficiency and to aid in the diagnosis of kidney disorders. Such tests can be divided into several categories, which include (1) clearance tests that give an estimate of the filtration rate of the glomeruli, the principal filtering structures of the kidneys

Insurance, Eastern Europe

2005-02-21T08:39:00.000-08:00

After the breakup of the Soviet Union, countries in eastern Europe developed insurance systems of considerable variety, ranging from highly centralized and state-controlled systems to Western-style ones. Because of recent political and economic upheavals in these countries, it seems likely that the trend will be toward decentralized, Western-style

Gobel, Jean-baptiste-joseph

2005-02-20T16:51:00.000-08:00

Educated at the German College, Rome, Gobel became in 1755 vicar-general of the diocese of

Dracontius, Blossius Aemilius

2005-02-20T06:42:00.000-08:00

At Carthage Dracontius received the traditional rhetorical education and practiced as a lawyer. Though his family was initially favoured by the Vandals, he eventually suffered imprisonment

Murnau, F.w.

2005-02-20T01:06:00.000-08:00

Murnau studied philosophy, art history, and literature at the Universities of Heidelberg and Berlin. In 1908 he joined the company of renowned

Iridaceae

2005-02-19T20:35:00.000-08:00

The Iridaceae contains some 80 genera and an estimated 1,700 species of mostly perennial herbs; there are a few shrubs and evergreen herbs as well. The family is nearly worldwide in distribution, but it is

Welch

2005-02-19T03:23:00.000-08:00

City, seat of McDowell county, southern West Virginia, U.S., at the confluence of Elkhorn Creek and Tug Fork. Settled in 1885, it was named for I.A. Welch, an early settler. The county seat was moved there from Perryville in 1891. There were no bridges or wagons in this extremely mountainous area until the 1880s, and the principal products at that time were furs and ginseng. The arrival of the

Arabia, Climate

2005-02-18T10:47:00.000-08:00

The Tropic of Cancer virtually bisects the Arabian Peninsula, passing just south of Medina. The summer heat is intense everywhere, reaching as high as 129° F (54° C) in places. Much of the interior is dry, but along the coasts and in some of the southern highlands and deserts the humidity is extreme in the summer. Fogs and dews occur in the humid areas, dew often serving as a substitute

Oberpfalz

2005-02-18T00:18:00.000-08:00

English Upper Palatinate Regierungsbezirk (administrative district), east-central Bavaria (or Bayern) Land (state), southern Germany. Oberpfalz is bordered by the Czech Republic to the east and the Regierungsbezirke of Niederbayern (Lower Bavaria) and Oberbayern (Upper Bavaria) to the south, Mittelfranken (Middle Franconia) to the west, and Oberfranken (Upper Franconia) to the north. The district's

Silicosis

2005-02-17T08:24:00.000-08:00

A chronic disease of the lungs that is caused by the inhalation of silica dust over long periods of time. (Silica is the chief mineral constituent of sand and of many kinds of rock.) Silicosis is a form of pneumoconiosis. The disease occurs most commonly in miners, quarry workers, stonecutters, tunnelers, and workers whose jobs involve grinding, sandblasting, polishing,

Ahmad Ibn Hanbal

2005-02-16T22:49:00.000-08:00

Muslim theologian, jurist, and martyr for his faith. He was the compiler of the Traditions of the Prophet Muhammad (Musnad) and formulator of the Hanbali, the most strictly traditionalist of the four orthodox Islamic schools of law. His doctrine influenced such noted followers as the 13th–14th-century theologian Ibn Taymiyah, the Wahhabiyah, an 18th-century reform

Aviary

2005-02-16T19:58:00.000-08:00

A structure for the keeping of captive birds, usually spacious enough for the aviculturist to enter. Aviaries range from small enclosures a metre or so on a side to large flight cages 30 m (100 feet) or more long and as much as 15 m high. Enclosures for birds that fly only little or weakly (e.g., rails, pheasants) are often only one metre high. The private aviary often consists of a room

Oberpfalz

2005-02-16T16:20:00.000-08:00

In analytical chemistry, a technique for identifying and quantitatively analyzing the chemical composition of substances by observing the thermal behaviour of a sample as it is heated. The technique is based on the fact that as a substance is heated, it undergoes reactions and phase changes that involve absorption or emission of heat. In DTA the temperature of

Amboise, Conspiracy Of

2005-02-16T13:54:00.000-08:00

On the accession of the 14-year-old Francis II to the French throne in 1559, the Guise family gained ascendancy in the government, creating enmity among the smaller nobility. A conspiracy to overturn their government was formed at Nantes, with a needy Périgord nobleman named La Renaudie

Disjunction

2005-02-14T22:21:00.000-08:00

In logic, relation or connection of terms in a proposition to express the concept “or”; it is a statement of alternatives (sometimes called “alternation”). For clarity, exclusive disjunction (either x or y but not both), symbolized x Ú× y, x Ú y, or x º/y, must be distinguished from inclusive disjunction (either x or y or both x and y), symbolized x Ú y. See also implication.

Duck

2005-02-14T20:59:00.000-08:00

Any of several genera of relatively small, short-necked, large-billed waterfowl that belong to the subfamily Anatinae, family Anatidae (q.v.), order Anseriformes. In true ducks, i.e., those classified in Anatinae, the legs are placed rearward, as in swans, resulting in a waddling gait. Most true ducks, including a few inaccurately called geese by reason of size and build, differ

Wright, Sir Almroth Edward

2005-02-14T11:39:00.000-08:00

Wright received his medical degree at

Armoured Vehicle

2005-02-13T21:03:00.000-08:00

Armoured also spelled Armored, motor vehicle that is fitted with partial or complete armour plating for protection against bullets, shells, or other projectiles. Armoured vehicles for military use can move either on wheels or on two endless metal chains called tracks. The tank (q.v.) is the principal fighting armoured vehicle. Other military types include armoured personnel carriers, armoured

Haden, Charlie

2005-02-13T08:36:00.000-08:00

From the age of two Haden sang with his family's country music band on midwestern radio and television programs. He moved to Los Angeles and began to play jazz with Art Pepper and others. While working (1957–59) in pianist Paul

Sha'rani, Ash-

2005-02-12T00:06:00.000-08:00

Throughout his life Sha'rani was influenced by the pattern of his education. His introduction and exposure to Islamic learning were limited; his formal education was concerned with the 'ulum al-wahb (“gifted knowledge of the mystic”), as opposed to a traditional and rigorous study of Islamic sciences.

Peninsular

2005-02-11T14:00:00.000-08:00

Spanish peninsular , plural peninsulares , also called gachupín , or chapetón any of the colonial residents of Latin America from the 16th through the early 19th century who had been born in Spain. The name refers to the Iberian Peninsula. Among the American-born in Mexico the peninsulars were contemptuously called gachupines (“those with spurs”) and in South America, chapetones (“tenderfeet”). They enjoyed the special favour of the Spanish crown and

Japanism

2005-02-11T00:39:00.000-08:00

The prints

Alabama, Settlement patterns

2005-02-10T15:52:00.000-08:00

Sackville-west, V(ictoria Mary)

2005-02-09T14:06:00.000-08:00

She was the daughter of the 3rd Baron Sackville and a granddaughter of Pepita, a Spanish dancer, whose story she told in Pepita (1937). In 1913 she married Harold Nicolson, a diplomat

British Antarctic Territory

2005-02-09T01:36:00.000-08:00

A territory of the United Kingdom lying southeast of South America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west. Triangular in shape, it has an area (mostly ocean) of 2,095,000 square miles (5,425,000 square km), bounded by the South Pole (south), latitude 60° S (north), and by longitudes 20° W (east) and 80° W (west). It includes all land areas south of 60° S and between the aforementioned

North Germanic Languages, Common and distinctly Scandinavian characteristics

2005-02-08T19:29:00.000-08:00

North Germanic differs from East Germanic (but not West Germanic) in that

Stradbroke Island

2005-02-08T18:24:00.000-08:00

Two islands consisting of North and South sections, off Moreton Bay, southeastern Queensland, Australia, named for the Earl of Stradbroke in 1827. It was originally one island, but a storm in 1892 severed it in two by creating Jumpinpin Channel. South Stradbroke is about 14 mi (23 km) long and 1/2 mi wide. North Stradbroke, facing Brisbane across the bay, is about 24 mi long and up to 7 mi wide and

Laidoner, Johan

2005-02-07T10:15:00.000-08:00

Educated in Russia for a military career, Laidoner earned the rank of lieutenant colonel in Russian service. He served in World War I (1914–18) as an intelligence

Talking Heads

2005-02-07T00:45:00.000-08:00

In 1974 three classmates from the Rhode Island School of Design moved to New York City and declared themselves Talking Heads. Singer-guitarist Byrne, drummer

WarmThroat

Earth Sciences

Furniture Industry

Shilluk

Cohen, Stanley

Cellophane

Tal, Mikhail Nekhemyevich

Bradley, Bill

Guadalupe, Basilica Of

Berengar Ii

Pietrasanta

China, Plant life

The Peoples Known As Mimi

Dressing Table

Tolan, Eddie

Halebid

Congo, Democratic Republic Of The (zaire)

Storstrøm

Ayub Khan, Mohammad

Eisenhüttenstadt

Zakarpattya

Classical Scholarship, Late 19th-century developments in German scholarship

Mora

Athens

Dacier, André

Augustine, Saint

Vierzon

Itinerarium

Main River

Ylang-ylang

Wupatki National Monument

Metalmark

Saicho

India, Wars and rivalries

Newington

Jackson, Andrew

Montpensier, Anne-marie-louise D'orléans, Duchess (duchesse) De

Technocracy

Antarctica

Haddock

Tlaquepaque

Hennepin, Louis

Abbas, Ferhat

Outer Hebrides

Pacifism

Kálvos, Andréas Ioannídis

Sa'id, 'ali Ahmad

Wyre

Skydiving

Atmosphere, Transition to an aerobic environment

Soga Umako

Corday, Charlotte

Oscar Ii

Hypersthene Granite

Burdett, Sir Francis, 5th Baronet

Arrangement

Kirkwood, James

Psa Peugeot Citroën Sa

Gattamelata

Cacomistle

Seven Holy Founders

Plymouth Brethren

Tarakan Island

Roman Empire, Eastern

Wichita

Japanese Literature, Late Tokugawa period (c. 17701867)

Theobromine

Biblical Literature, Nahum

Tiverton

Alabama, Settlement patterns

Abbottabad

Närke

Kidney Function Test

Insurance, Eastern Europe

Gobel, Jean-baptiste-joseph

Dracontius, Blossius Aemilius

Murnau, F.w.

Iridaceae

Welch

Arabia, Climate

Japanese Literature, Late Tokugawa period (c. 17701867)